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| The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 is a legislative act in India that seeks to protect women from sexual harassment at their place of work. It was passed by the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Indian Parliament) on 3 September 2012. It was passed by the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of the Indian Parliament) on 26 February 2013. The Bill got the assent of the President on 23 April 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=95069 )〕 The Act came into force from 9 December 2013. This statute superseded the Vishakha Guidelines for prevention of sexual harassment introduced by the Supreme Court of India. It was reported by the International Labour Organization that very few Indian employers were compliant to this statute.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ilo.org/asia/info/public/WCMS_220527/lang--en/index.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_bk_pb_159_en.pdf )〕 Most Indian employer's have not implemented the law despite the legal requirement that any workplace with more than 10 employees need to implement it.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dw.de/indian-firms-take-little-notice-of-law-against-sexual-harassment/a-17298779 )〕 According to a FICCI-EY November 2015 report, 36% of Indian companies and 25% among MNCs are not compliant with the Sexual Harassment Act, 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ficci.com/spdocument/20672/Fostering-safe.pdf )〕 The government has threatened to take stern action against employers who fail to comply with this law.
==Preamble and background==
The introductory text of the Act is:
''An Act to provide protection against sexual harassment of women at workplace and for the prevention and redressal of complaints of sexual harassment and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
WHEREAS sexual harassment results in violation of the fundamental rights of a woman to equality under articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution of India and her right to life and to live with dignity under article 21 of the Constitution and right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business which includes a right to a safe environment free from sexual harassment;
AND WHEREAS the protection against sexual harassment and the right to work with dignity are universally recognised human rights by international conventions and instruments such as Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, which has been ratified on the 25th June, 1993 by the Government of India;
AND WHEREAS it is expedient to make provisions for giving effect to the said Convention for protection of women against sexual harassment at workplace.''〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/Sexual%20Harassment/Sexual%20harrassment%20bill%20As%20passed%20by%20Lok%20Sabha.pdf )〕
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